Refactors and improves the texture format conversion system in the Vulkan
renderer:

- Adds proper sRGB to linear conversion for depth formats
- Improves shader accuracy for ABGR8 SRGB to D24S8 conversion
- Adds gamma correction and proper depth range clamping
- Moves GetSupportedFormat implementation to header
- Cleans up format conversion switch statement
- Removes redundant format conversion paths

The changes improve accuracy when converting between color and depth
formats, particularly for sRGB sources. The shader improvements ensure
proper gamma correction and depth range handling.

Technical changes:
- Improves sRGB to linear conversion in fragment shader
- Adds proper depth value clamping
- Consolidates format conversion logic
- Removes duplicate GetSupportedFormat implementation

Adds several new shader-based format conversion pipelines to support additional
texture formats and operations:

- RGBA8 to BGRA8 conversion
- YUV420/RGB conversions
- BC7 to RGBA8 decompression
- ASTC HDR to RGBA16F decompression
- RGBA16F to RGBA8 conversion
- Temporal dithering
- Dynamic resolution scaling

Updates the texture cache runtime to handle these new conversion paths and adds
helper functions to check format compatibility for dithering and scaling
operations.

The changes include:
- New shader files and CMake entries
- Additional conversion pipeline setup in BlitImageHelper
- Extended format conversion logic in TextureCacheRuntime
- New format compatibility check helpers

Implements conversion from sRGB color formats to D24S8 depth-stencil format
in the Vulkan renderer. This change includes:

- New fragment shader convert_abgr8_srgb_to_d24s8.frag that handles proper
  sRGB to linear conversion before depth calculation
- Added shader to CMake build system
- Extended BlitImageHelper with new conversion pipeline and methods
- Updated texture cache to handle sRGB to D24S8 format conversion paths

The conversion properly handles sRGB color space by first converting to
linear space before calculating luminance values for the depth component,
while preserving alpha channel data for the stencil component.

Two main changes in this commit:

1. Replace NVIDIA-specific GL_NV_gpu_shader5 extension with the more widely
   supported GL_EXT_shader_explicit_arithmetic_types_float16 in the scaleforce
   shader. This improves compatibility across different GPU vendors.

2. Refactor ARM32 exception handling:
   - Restructure exception cases for better readability
   - Update exception handling to match current Dynarmic API
   - Fix indentation in switch statement
   - Remove AccessViolation case as it's no longer supported in current API

These changes improve shader compatibility and align the exception handling
with the current Dynarmic implementation.

Adds Area Sampling to the list of scaling options. Works well to achieve a high-quality, smooth super-sampling effect. Dolphin has had this for a while, and now Ryujinx has recently added it too, so I decided to port it.

Not sure if adding the extra uniform to the OpenGL WindowAdaptPass was a good idea or not, or if using the push constants under Vulkan was either, but I wasn't sure about the best way to get the window size for use in the shader, and other scaling methods still work fine. Implementation seems to work fine under both Vulkan and OpenGL, but might still need some minor tweaks to the shader. Should definitely do some testing before merging, I have tested on an Nvidia RTX 3080 under Windows.

Adapted from these two PRs:
https://github.com/Ryujinx/Ryujinx/pull/7304
https://github.com/dolphin-emu/dolphin/pull/11999

Reviewed-on: http://vub63vv26q6v27xzv2dtcd25xumubshogm67yrpaz2rculqxs7jlfqad.onion/torzu-emu/torzu/pulls/57
Co-authored-by: lui <lui@vub63vv26q6v27xzv2dtcd25xumubshogm67yrpaz2rculqxs7jlfqad.onion>
Co-committed-by: lui <lui@vub63vv26q6v27xzv2dtcd25xumubshogm67yrpaz2rculqxs7jlfqad.onion>

general: applet multiprocess