Update fmt library to version 11.0.2 and make necessary adjustments:
- Replace fmt/format.h includes with fmt/ranges.h
- Add const qualifiers to formatter::format functions
- Update CMake to require fmt version 11

Additional dependency updates:
- Update SDL2 bundled version from 2.28.2 to 2.32.0
- Update catch2 to version 3.7.1
- Update vcpkg baseline to ca846b21276c9a3171074ac8d2b4f6516894a7d0

While porting https://github.com/citra-emu/citra/pull/7347, I noticed the code of yuzu was not up-to-date with the implementation from Citra.

Note: For GCC there are still a huge number of `-Warray-bounds` warnings
coming from `externals/dynarmic`.  I could have added a workaround in
`externals/CMakeLists.txt` similar to what this PR does for other
externals, but given Dynarmic's close affiliation with Yuzu, it would be
better to fix it upstream.

Besides that, on my machine, this makes the build warning-free except
for some warnings from glslangValidator and AutoMoc.

Details:

- Disable some warnings in externals.

- Disable `-Wnullability-completeness`, which is a Clang warning triggered
  by the Vulkan SDK where if any pointers in the header are marked
  _Nullable, it wants all pointers to be marked _Nullable or _Nonnull.
  Most of them are, but some aren't.  Who knows why.

- `src/web_service/verify_user_jwt.cpp`: Disable another warning when
  including `jwt.hpp`.

- `src/input_common/input_poller.cpp`: Add missing `override` specifiers.

- src/common/swap.h: Remove redundant `operator&`.  In general, this
  file declares three overloads of each operator.  Using `+` as an
  example, the overloads are:

  - a member function for `swapped_t + integer`
  - a member function for `swapped_t + swapped_t`
  - a free function for `integer + swapped_t`

  But for `operator&`, there was an additional free function for
  `swapped_t + integer`, which was redundant with the member function.
  This caused a GCC warning saying "ISO C++ says that these are
  ambiguous".

These occur in the latest commits in LLVM Clang.