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@page terminology Terminology
# Technical Definitions
* `Jump/Branch/Function` - Tells the cpu to execute instructions somewhere else and come back here when done.
* `Hexadecimal` - A [numbering system](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexadecimal). Similar numbering sytems include decimal (also called base-ten) and roman numerals.
* Easy method for programmers and computers to understand each other which groups/separates bytes of information in a readable format.
* Representing computer numbers as decimal results in an unreadable mess.
* `s32/word/int` - A max size for a number. Data represented as 32 bits or 4 bytes: `0x00000001`. It consists of eight digits.
* `s16/half-word/short` - A number represented as 16 bits or 2 bytes: `0x0001`. It consists of four digits. Maximum value 65,535 (0xFFFF).
* `s8/byte/char` - A number represented as 8 bits or 1 byte: `0x01`. It consists of two digits. Maximum value 255 (0xFF).
* `unsigned` - A positive integer. 0, 1 to maximum value.
* `signed` - A positive or negative integer. 0, -1 to -max, 1 to max.
* Max value slightly lower than unsigned due to a bit being used to set whether negative or positive.
* Google "Two's complement" for an indepth technical explanation.
* `f32/float` - A positive or negative value containing a decimals such as `5.0f` or `5.1f` or `5.148282f`
* `f64/double` - A positive or negative value of high-precision. Ex. `5.5784298538832` (many decimals).
# Racing Terminology
* `Light Tree` - The tree of lights that Lakitu carries; red, orange, green, etc. Tells the racers when to start racing.
* Called a Christmas tree in drag racing.
* `Staging` - Align the racecars with the starting line.
* `Start Sequence` - The light tree activates, going from red to orange to green (Colours and number of lights may differ between different types of races).
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